Assuming you're talking about normal sign blocks, skins for them should be placed in ..\Documents\ManiaPlanet\Skins\Any\Advertisement. You should make sure to restart your game after adding skins there (you may be able to just hit the refresh button on the map selection screen, but I have not tried this) so that the game lets you select your signs. The sign dimensions aren't specific, I don't think, but should be at a 2 to 1 ratio. For example, the MX signpack signs are 512 X 256. This size should be sufficient for most signs.
If you're talking about other skinnable blocks, I'm afraid I can't help you.